Solar & Renewable Energy Design (PVsyst & ESG)

• Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) and DNI meteorological data sourcing
• PVsyst 3D scene construction, near-shading calculations, and bifacial module albedo gain
• P50, P90, and P99 generation probability curves for bankable Detailed Project Reports (DPR)

• 1500V DC array stringing, DC/AC inverter loading ratio (ILR), and combiner box sizing
• Step-up transformers (800V to 33kV to 132kV) and single-line diagrams (SLD) in AutoCAD
• Grid code compliance, CEA harmonic limits, and SCADA monitoring protocols

• SEBI Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting (BRSR Core) guidelines
• Scope 1 (Direct), Scope 2 (Electricity), and Scope 3 (Value Chain) GHG carbon accounting
• International Renewable Energy Certificates (I-RECs) and corporate net-zero roadmaps

Q1: What is the difference between P50 and P90 energy generation estimates in PVsyst?

P50 represents the energy yield where there is a 50% probability that actual production will exceed that value in any given year (the expected median). P90 is a conservative financial benchmark where there is a 90% probability that production will exceed this threshold. Commercial lenders and banks insist on P90 estimates to calculate debt service coverage ratios (DSCR).

Q2: What are Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 greenhouse gas emissions under the GHG Protocol?

Scope 1 covers direct emissions from company-owned sources (e.g. diesel generators, company vehicles). Scope 2 covers indirect emissions from the generation of purchased electricity, steam, heating, and cooling consumed by the reporting company. Scope 3 covers all other indirect emissions across the entire upstream and downstream value chain (supply chain suppliers, employee commutes, product end-of-life disposal).